Wiktionary:English Phonemic Representation
The English Phonemic Representation (shortened as enPR; sometimes called the AHD system (short for American Heritage Dictionary) is a wiktionary-specific system of phonetic notation based on the Latin alphabet as representation of the sounds used in pronouncing spoken English. It is similar to the system used by American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language.
The following tables show the enPR representations of English phonemes:
Monophthongal vowels
changeRepresentations of monophthongal vowels:
Example | enPR |
ease, see | ē |
lose, soon, through | ōō |
city, bit | ĭ |
put, foot | ŏŏ |
about | ə |
enter | ər |
bed, bet, end | ĕ |
fur, bird | ûr |
run, enough, up | ŭ |
bad, cat, ran | ă |
law, caught, saw | ô |
more | ôr |
father | ä |
arm, bard | är |
not | ŏ |
French "ami" | ȧ |
German "schön" | œ |
German "über" | ü |
Diphthongs
changeRepresentations of diphthongs:
Example | enPR |
here, near, peer | î |
poor | ŏŏ |
bait, play, same | ā |
go, hope, know | ō |
hair, pear, there | â |
boy, noise | oi |
my, rise | ī |
house, now | ou |
Consonants
changeRepresentations of consonants:
Example | enPR |
pen, spin, top apple |
p |
but, able, cab wobble, ebb |
b |
ton, stab, mat attend, butt ought latter, metal |
t |
chat, teacher, inch nature |
ch |
dot, idea, nod fodder, odd ladder, medal |
d |
joy, ajar gin, agile, age edge procedure |
j |
cat, locate, bloc kit, bakery, steak queen, aquarium, pique choir, school, ache fickle, tack |
k |
get, magnet, bag | g |
man, animal, him | m |
not, ant, pan hidden |
n |
singer, ring | ng |
fan, left, leaf enough phase, graphic, epitaph |
f |
voice, navel, save of |
v |
thin, nothing, moth | th |
this, father, clothe | th |
set, list pass city, ice |
s |
zoo, quiz fuzz rose xylem |
z |
she, ash sure ration |
sh |
vision beige |
zh |
loch, pesach | kh |
ham | h |
run, very | r |
yes | y |
left little |
l |
which | hw |
wet | w |
dénouement | n |
canyon | ny, ñ |
Other symbols
changeIndication | enPR |
primary stress | ʹ or ʹ |
secondary stress | ʹ or ' |
a division between syllables | ‒ or . |